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Machines and components in operation are usually subjected to varying loads. However, wear tests of metals have usually been conducted under constant loads since early times in wear study. In this study, in order to investigate the effects of a change in load on the transition from mild to severe or quasi-mild wear, pin-on-disk type wear tests of carbon steel in contact with itself were conducted...
Previous studies by the authors have developed finite element (FE) based approaches to simulate fretting wear by material removal without consideration of the effects of debris. It was assumed that, wear particles, once generated, were immediately removed from the fretting interfaces and disappear. This method calculates the local wear as a function of local contact pressure and local slip, and incrementally...
A promising, alternative surface treatment to traditional case carburizing was recently developed. It enables extremely high (‘colossal’) supersaturation of carbon (up to 12at.%) in austenitic stainless steel surfaces. This new treatment offers the advantage of hardening the surface while still retaining the corrosion resistance of stainless steels. In this study, the tribological properties of the...
This paper focuses on the effect of the boundary lubrication of water on the transient traction characteristics of two rollers contact. The traction coefficient was measured under wet condition using a twin-disc-type of rolling–sliding frictional machine, which can simulate the actual wheel/rail contact condition under a low slip ratio and low rolling speed. The experimental results of the transient...
Composite materials are widely used in industry to resist wear of machinery, equipment and facilities. The high wear resistance of composite materials benefits from the combination of a hard reinforcing phase and a ductile/tough matrix, which may effectively resist wear under various wear conditions. However, the wear resistance of composites depends largely on their microstructure, reinforcement/matrix...
Wear of materials in corrosive environments is encountered in many industries, which has attracted considerable interest in recent years. Previous studies have demonstrated that the wear–corrosion synergy can be significantly influenced by the strain rate. In this study, using an electrochemical sliding wear technique, we investigated effects of the strain rate of prior deformation on the wear–corrosion...
Electroless nickel (EN) coatings are used in a wide range of applications concerning their excellent mechanical and tribological properties. The incorporation of solid lubricants, such as polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), could even improve the properties of the EN coatings. Above all, we can achieve a film with self-lubricating and excellent anti-sticking characteristics. These uses of electroless...
Abrasive jet micro-machining (AJM) uses a high-speed stream of particles to create small-scale features in substrates through controlled erosion, often through a mask which defines the feature edges. The shape of the profile machined in the substrate depends on the particle energy distribution available to the surface. In machining of masked samples, the sample is exposed to a uniform particle mass...
Insufficient compatibility of cavitation resistance assessments based on laboratory tests conducted under different cavitation conditions is generally considered a major methodological difficulty whenever quantitative prediction of material performance under field conditions is attempted. The present paper reports a substantial progress made recently by the authors in their efforts to develop the...
The problem of the fatigue strength of wear resistant materials is significant both from the theory and practical point of view. In abrasive wear two different mechanisms of material removal occur either separately or simultaneously. At abrasion and low-angle abrasive erosion, microcutting is dominating and the main criterion for materials selection is hardness. At abrasive impact wear and high angle...
Erosion–corrosion performance of two stainless steels (UNS S32760 and UNS S31603) for marine applications has been assessed under liquid–solid impingement conditions in 3.5% NaCl. The total material loss rate and the components of mechanical erosion, electrochemical corrosion and their synergistic interactions have been determined under various conditions. The major environmental parameters considered...
To increase the life of mechanical parts submitted to severe oxidizing and abrasive environments, specific coatings are frequently used. Since two decades, with the rapid development of lasers, power lasers have been used to produce high quality coatings. Metal matrix composite (MMC) coatings composed of nickel and tungsten carbides (Ni-WC) are frequently used to solve problems of reduced life under...
This work presents a study on the influence of residual stresses on the contact fatigue resistance of a gray cast iron and a ductile iron. Contact fatigue tests were conducted in a ball on washer machine. The specimens were taken from bars of gray and ductile iron produced by continuous casting. After machining, specimens of both materials were quenched and tempered to the same matrix hardness, of...
The near-equiatomic TiNi alloy has demonstrated its attractive properties for tribological applications. The high wear resistance of this alloy mainly benefits from its pseudoelasticity (PE). However, PE occurs only within a small temperature range, which makes the wear behavior of this alloy unstable as temperature changes due to frictional heating or environmental instability. Enlarging the temperature...
An Archard wear formalism is considered and adapted to formalize the abrasive wear responses of hard coating interfaces against an alumina ball under oscillating sliding conditions. Archard wear coefficients are defined and compared versus the respective coating hardnesses. It is shown that for the Ti–V–C system a near linear decrease of the wear rate versus the hardness can be defined. By contrast,...
Fretting is a low amplitude oscillatory wear that occurs at component interfaces and can accelerate crack initiation as well as interfacial degradation. Prevalent in Ti-alloy contacts, fretting wear often occurs at the blade/disk interfaces of fan and compressor stages in turbine engines, causing premature component failure. In many cases, plasma sprayed CuNiIn (copper–nickel–indium) coatings and...
White cast irons perform much less favourably in industrial service environments such as ball mills than would be predicted by standard laboratory abrasion tests. Pin abrasive tests are widely thought to simulate high stress abrasion, but in reality they grossly over-estimate service lives of white iron mill liners compared to pearlitic steel liners. The ‘impact-abrasion’ hypothesis has suggested...
The effect of the applied potential on the deformation behaviour of a 316L stainless steel subject to tribocorrosion was investigated using a tribometer equipped with an electrochemical cell. Two potentials were compared: a cathodic potential where no oxide forms on the metal surface and a passive potential where a few nanometer thick oxide film forms. The wear, frictional and electrochemical response...
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